m.s.j

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In the battery, the positive and negative polarities are relative concepts. In deed, in battery system one of the two poles is for example negative and the other is more negative in comparison with the electrolyte material. In fact, in a separated battery bank after electrochemical stability, the charge transmissions between electrolyte media and both of two electrodes will be stopped and opposite transmission current will be impossible. A similar mechanical phenomenon is heat transmission between two metal rods with different thermal conductivity coefficiency that are connected to a very hot metal plate. The thermal difference at the end of rods can cause the heat transfer through a metal wire between them, but the heat transmission between two rod is impossible through the hot metal plate because the plate is warmer than both of them.

In battery, after finishing of its construction and positive & negative electrode creation, why we will need an external electrical lead (for example copper wires) for transmission of energy between two poles? Why no short circuit occurs between positive and negative electrodes through battery electrolyte and why electrical potential difference is stable in battery?

The mysterious voltage transformer Voltage transformers are occasionally used to adapt voltage protective relays and instruments with nominal voltage of main circuit in low voltage switchgears. In an electrical panel test program an interesting thing was observed. In the panel a three phase voltage transformer with following technical characteristics was used to adapt one 110 V AC under voltage relay with main bus bar voltage. Voltage Ratio: 380/110 V Connection: YnYn Rated power: 60 VA Construction: Core type Accuracy class: 3P The under voltage relay was three phase and microprocessor base made by an authentic company. The acceptance tests on the individual relay were done successfully, but the under voltage relay in combination with voltage transformer didn’t have suitable reflection against actual one phase under voltage in primary system that was simulated by removing one of three phase fuses in primary side of the voltage transformer.(Really, no under voltage was observed by the relay.) All wire interconnections and related circuits also voltage transformer was rechecked again and every thing was very well. The relevant test men couldn't explain the reason of behavior of circuit. It seemed that interface circuits or devices didn’t work correctly. How can you explain the reason of non activity of that protection system against primary under voltage? FOR SIMILAR DISCUSSION PLEASE REFER TO htt://electrical-riddles.blogfa.com